Motivation Theory Essay

Introduction Nowadays, most companies’ goal is to maximise its profit. To do so, the component of the company must cooperate with each other. The senior (CEO and managers) must build a good relationship with the junior (employees) in order to know the thought of the employees. After understanding the thought and the needs of the workers, the next step is applying motivation theory to the employees in order to achieve the goal of the company. There are many motivation theories in managing human resources, but none is universally accepted. Each theory has its strength and weakness. It depends on the senior thought to decide which theory they will use to motivate their workers. This essay will discuss about the content theory of Herzberg Motivation-Hygiene Theory and the process theory of Adam’s Equity Theory. It also discusses how job design can affect employee’s motivation and the similarities and differences from both theories. Content theories Content theories explain the needs of individuals that required individual to fulfil them, factors that motivate people in workplace and what drive people behaviour. There are four pioneers in content theory of motivation: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory, Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory, Alderfer’s ERG Theory, McClelland’s Theory of Needs, and McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y. The Motivation-Hygiene Theory Frederick Herzberg was an American psychologist and professor of management (Herzberg 1968). He was known for acquainting job enrichment and Motivation-Hygiene Theory into business management. This theory is a result from a research study made by Frederick Herzberg and his partners (Mausner & Snyderman) at the University of Pittsburgh in 1950s. Some studies do find similarities between Herzberg’s and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory which divides the need of an employee into two level, high-order needs (self-actualisation needs and esteem needs) and lower-order need (social needs, salary needs and physiological needs), but yet there is no strong evidence to support those similarities. Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory was based on the result of the survey of 200 engineers and accountants in Pittsburgh that he made in 1950s. Each subject was asked to describe the time in their work is when they felt happy and unhappy and the description of events that give them positive and negative feeling. And as a result from the survey, Herzberg concluded that there are two-factor theory that affects an employee performance on workplace. Satisfier or motivator on the job What satisfies and motivates employees in workplace is called motivation factors. Each subject from the research study pointed a different factor that motivates them in workplace. As a conclusion from the survey, Herzberg concluded that there are 6 factors that motivate workers on their work. These factors related to job content; intrinsic factors that are related to workers’ work. Motivator factors leads to a higher effort, performance and satisfaction of an employee to their job. Motivation factors are required if managers want to maximise workers performance in workplace. According to Herzberg, workers will not perform maximum in their work if one of these factors are absent (Wood 2006). An absence of one of these factors can caused dissatisfaction on work. Similarly, if all the factors are present, it can cause job satisfaction (Ivancevich & Matteson 1999). These factors are similar to Maslow’s higher order need. Based on Herzberg’s survey, the 6 factors that motivate a worker in workplace are: * Achievement Employee performing well on their jobs in order to achieve something such as: promotion, bonus, reward, self-esteem. * Recognition Employees will be more motivated if they feel they have received the appropriate recognition from company. * Responsibility Employees will perform maximise if they realize that they have responsibility for their work and to the company. * Work itself Job satisfaction will be achieve if the employees itself feels comfortable and enjoy their work itself. * Advancement Employees are motivated because there is promotion on their job. * Personal growth Employees point out that the job itself gives them a new knowledge. Workers will get motivated when there is a reward for their work. An extra authority of the job from managers will motivated them as they realized that they have responsibility for their work. As they are more motivated for their work, their performance will improve and this will give them more skill which affect their personal growth. Dissatisfier of hygiene factor on the job Without hygiene factors, workers will become dissatisfied and they will not perform well on their job. Hygiene factors which include the environment of workplace do not higher the worker motivation, but they do have big influence on workers performance because without them, workers will not perform maximises. According to Herzberg’s theory, beside a strong motivation that motivates the employees to perform maximise on their work, a comfortable and supporting workplace also affect their performance. Lambert (2008) stated that dissatisfiers are not the main cause that caused employee leaving an organisation, but they are the main causes that caused employees unhappy on their work and absenteeism. The 8 factors that prevent dissatisfaction of workers in workplace which related to job context; the environment and extrinsic factors of the job according to Herzberg’s research: * Company policy and administration * Supervision * Relationship with supervisor * Work conditions * Salary * Relationship with co-workers * Status * Security Process theory Process theory provides the understanding of how thought processes of people mind influence an individual behaviour and how it motivates the individual. Two famous process theories of motivation that are known in business management are Adam’s equity theory and Vroom’s expectancy theory. Equity theory Equity theory is a thought where workers’ motivation is affected by the work outcomes that they receive from the company as the exchange rewards for their work. This theory was also considered as one of the justice theories because it believes that workers will be more motivated if they have received a proper treatment as they have contributed to the company. Equity theory was developed in 1963 by John Stacey Adams; a workplace and behavioural psychologist. Workers tend to compare their efforts and performance with their co-workers. A comparison with others results to three conclusion: * Under-rewarded: input > outcomes * Over-rewarded: input < outcomes * Equitably rewarded: input = outcomes Negative inequity is a result from the unequal rewards that an employee received for the inputs that the employees have contributed to the company (Wood 2006). The following ways are you to recover negative felt inequity of an employee: – changing inputs – changing outcomes – changing attitudes of the workers itself Motivating with equity theory To motivate workers with equity theory, managers are required to design an appropriate reward for workers. There are 3 steps in motivating workers with equity theory: * Setting rewards for workers. * Workers make equity comparison. * Workers’ job satisfaction and performance are affected. (Wood 2006) How can job design affect employee’s motivation? Job design is a process which provides way to make a planning for specific job task to ensure that the job itself is well organized. It also removes the obstacle that might obstruct the work. A proper job design will lead job satisfaction, improve employee motivation, reduced employees turnover and absenteeism (Brannick & Levine 2002). There are four methods that are used to improve work efficiency and job satisfaction: * Job simplification * Job enlargement * Job rotation * Job enrichment Job enrichment Job enrichment was also introduced by Frederick Herzberg. Job enrichment is the practice of building motivating factors into job content (Wood 2006, p. 162). This strategy of job design is focusing on expanding and evaluating the employee’s tasks. This action is made to improve the work processes and environments to that the employees are satisfy and perform well on their work. Some workers might feel bored and unsatisfied with their work due to lack of a challenge, repetitive work procedures. Job enrichment makes work more challenging so that the workers are more motivated. Job enrichment is an on-going management process, so the result will affect the workers for a long time (Herzberg 2008). Because the effects are long lasting, managers should decide carefully before making decision to apply job enrichment to the workers. There are three steps techniques to apply job enrichment to workers: 1. Turn employees’ effort into performance. 2. Link employees’ performance directly to reward. 3. Make sure the employee wants the reward. Managers should apply job design to every worker in order to achieve job satisfaction and to avoid skills mismatch of employee and their job which will decrease the productivity level of the employee. Job design can be done by doing observation and interviews to employees to know what are their skills and needs (Hackman 1976). This will help managers to decide which job is appropriate for the workers. Job design makes workers work easier as their task has been planned and scheduled so that the obstacle that will face less obstacle during their work. Comparison Both Adam’s Equity Theory and Herzberg’s motivation factors believes that one of the factors that affects worker’s performance is the payoff that they received from the company as a payment for their contribution to the company. If they feel that they have received unequal payoff for their hard work, they will not perform well and this tend to make them decrease their work performance. The reward can be in form of bonus, promotion, and reward. There are two types of rewards that can boost workers’ performance: intrinsic rewards and extrinsic rewards. Intrinsic rewards are rewards that are part of the job itself and it can increases personal satisfaction and self-esteem and is self-rewarded. Some example of intrinsic rewards is: feedback, responsibility, praise or rewards that are self-administered. Extrinsic rewards are rewards external from the job, i.e., bonus, promotion, awards, pays, days off. Frederick Herzberg founds out that intrinsic rewards are stronger than extrinsic rewards because rewards like money tend to be â€Å"zero out†. If a worker always get praise by their manager or co-workers which increase the personal satisfaction, this will keep motivated them to perform well and as the payoff is, they get more bonus from the company. To sum up, intrinsic rewards may lead to extrinsic rewards. Contrast Based on Herzberg’s research survey, most of the factors which can lead to workers dissatisfaction are related to work environment. The condition of workplace environment is very influential to worker performance because if the workers feel uncomfortable with the environment workplace, they will not perform well on their work (Locke 1976). As an example, a workplace without any fan or air conditioner will make workers cannot focus maximise as the temperature is hot. While Adam’s Equity Theory only claims that workers’ performance is affected by the outcome that they received from the company. Bibliography Brannick, M. T. and Levine, E. L., 2002. Job analysis. CA: Sage Publications, Inc. Hackman, J. R. 1976. Work design. Santa Monica, CA: Goodyear. Herzberg, F. 1968. One more time: how do you motivate employees?. Harvard Business Review, vol. 46(1), pp. 53–62. Herzberg, F., 2008. One more time: how do you motivate employees?. Harvard Business Review, 65(5), pp.109-120. Ivancevich, J. M. and Matteson, M. T., 1999. Organizational behaviour and management. 5th ed. Singapore: McGraw-Hill Book Co. Lambert, L., 2008. Exit stage right. HRMonthly, February Issue, pp. 28-31. Locke, 1976. Organizational behavior: affect in the workplace. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, p. 282. Wood, J. et al., 2006. Organisational behaviour core concepts and applications. Milton Qld: John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

How Did Life Change for the Blacks After the Civil War? Essay

Life for Southern blacks did improve somewhat as a result of the Civil War and Reconstruction, but it was not perfect. There were still many inequalities between the two races, white and black. This essay will discuss life of blacks prior to the Civil War (1861-1865), how the blacks were involved in the war and Reconstruction (1865-1877), and how the war and Reconstruction changed the blacks’ way of life. Before the Civil War, most slaves lived on small cotton plantations. Here, the owner worked alongside them. The bigger the plantation, the more the slaves, and thus the weaker human relationship would be between master and slaves. They received, in general, harsh treatment because they were considered property. There were many social inequalities. Black Codes were passed to limit blacks’ freedom even more than it was already. They were not allowed to marry legally or learn to be literate. Slaves could be â€Å"sold down the river†, and had no privacy from their masters. They were not allowed to go outdoors after dark, get together in groups of three or more, exit their owner’s property without a written pass, or own weapons. This changed somewhat after the Civil War. The blacks played a major role in the victory of the North in the Civil War. There were many black soldiers in the war who worked behind the scenes for armies of the North. During Reconstruction, blacks exercised political power for the first time in the South. They were included as authors of new state constitutions, along with military governments, scalawags, and carpetbaggers. On January 1st 1863, the Emancipation came into effect. It was a proclamation issued by President Abraham Lincoln that declared freedom for all slaves in states still in rebellion against the federal government. This meant that more slaves could live a free life again, but only until the Black Codes were passed. Without the blacks’ contributions to the Civil War and Reconstruction, things could have turned out a lot different. As for life after the Civil War and Reconstruction, there were many social changes. These were mostly in support of the blacks, until the start of the 20th century. Thanks to the protection of the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments to the Constitution and the Civil Rights Act of 1866, blacks relished a period of time during which they could vote, have a say in politics, acquire land, find a job, and make use of public accommodations. They were able to legally marry, worship how they wanted, and could form private clubs, along with other rights. This was until the 1890s, which is when the southern states began coming up with ways to exclude blacks once again. In response to this, many blacks moved into the Northern states, and some even went back to Africa. One of the parts of their lives that didn’t change much was that the majority of southern blacks remained in poverty because sharecropping didn’t earn them enough money to improve their conditions. Despite this progress socially, there were many more rights the blacks didn’t have, but the whites did. These hard times for African Americans continued into the 20th century, which is when the Civil Rights Movement and other efforts came into play in an attempt to equalize rights between races. As I said before, life for blacks after the Civil War and Reconstruction was somewhat better than life before. Their life still wasn’t impeccable, and it was a long road to equality.

Aggression In Violent Offenders Psychology Essay

Aggression In Violent Offenders Psychology Essay Anger is considered to be an innate emotion within human beings that is associated with positive and negative qualities. Subjectively, anger can range from mild to severe or from mere irritation to rage (Wright, Day, & Howells, 2009). Anger can positively act to mobilize psychological resources, facilitate perseverance, protect self-esteem, energize corrective behaviors, and communicate negative sentiments. However, anger also holds the negative potential to cause individuals to act out violently and harm themselves or others (Wright, Day, & Howells, 2009). The concept of anger is considered to be multidimensional in that it involves behavioral, cognitive, physiological, and phenomenological variables (Wright, Day, & Howells, 2009). Anger results from interactions between four dimensions such as behavioral reactions, external events, physiological arousal, and cognitive processes (Wright, Day, & Howells, 2009). The association between anger and distorted perceptions can result in th e inability to make appropriate assessments of behaviors, attitudes, and interactions within social contexts (Wright, Day, & Howells, 2009). Anger that has significant intensity, duration, and frequency is referred to as clinical anger. This form of anger is described as being a precursor to health and social difficulties (Gardner & Moore, 2008). These difficulties can occur interpersonally, occupationally, and legally as well as could impact an individual’s physical and mental health (Gardner & Moore, 2008). While clinical anger does not have a criterion for diagnosis, it does serve as a contributing factor to various mental disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Furthermore, anger was described as being central to many forms of violence, which makes anger relevant to treating violent offenders (Wright, Day, & Howells, 2009). Concept of Aggression Aggression is defined as behaviors that are intended to harm another person or persons (Casas, 2005). Much research addressing aggression has focused on physical acts of aggression but has since begun to expand upon the definition of aggression (Casas, 2005). Purdy and Seklecki (2006) asserted aggression is typically associated with harmful and violent acts, such as assaults and homicides. According to Beaver (2009) career criminals are more likely to use serious violence and physical aggression compared to other offenders. In addition, various aggressive and violent crimes such as robbery, assault, rape, and murder are almost exclusively confined to habitual offenders (Beaver, 2009). Tew, Dixon, Harkins, and Bennett (2012) described aggression in relation to offenders in terms of verbal and physical aggression. Verbal aggression consisted of raising one’s voice, shouting, swearing, being abusive, being argumentative, conveying threats, ranting, having an outburst, initiating a confrontation, and bullying (Tew et al., 2012). Acts such as hitting, smashing up belongings, throwing belongings , slamming doors, hitting tables, or acts that resulted in restraint are considered to be physical acts of aggression (Tew et al., 2012). Similarly, Casas (2005) described various forms of aggression. Aggression can be classified as physical aggression, indirect aggression, social aggression, or relational aggression (Casas, 2005). Casas’ (2005) description of physical aggression was consistent with how Tew et al. (2012) described physical aggression. Indirect aggression involves covert and harmful behavior in which a victim is not directly confronted by the perpetrator. Social aggression involves harming another individual’s self-esteem, social acceptance, or social status (Casas, 2005). Lastly, relational aggression is defined as harming another in terms of damaging a relationship, feelings of acceptance, or group inclusion (Casas, 2005). In general, social and biological factors contribute to aggression (Casas, 2005).

Differential and Integral Calculus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Differential and Integral Calculus - Essay Example Calculus is widely used in physical, biological and social sciences. Examples of its applications in physical sciences are like studying the speed of falling body, rates of change in a chemical reaction, or rate of decay in a radioactive reaction. In the biological sciences its applications include solving the problem of rate of growth of bacteria as a function of time. In social sciences Calculus has its applications in the study of probability and statistics. The two main branches of Calculus are Differential Calculus and Integral Calculus. Differential Calculus deals with rates of change while studying or solving a problem and Integral Calculus involves summations of special type. One helps to find the slope of tangent to a curve at a certain point while the other is used to find the area covered by a curve and two points on it. As the entire natural world is in a constant motion and thus a change, mathematical analysis provides us the means to investigate the process of change, motion and dependence of quantities upon each other. Consider the motion of a body moving in a straight line whose position is given by a number expressing the distance and direction from a fixed point, the origin. Now if we specify the position of this body at each instant of time, it is equivalent to defining a function of some real numbers representing time to some corresponding real numbers representing position. Now consider the following three scenarios: 1. What will be function to give the velocity at each instant 2. If only velocity is known at each instant, find the distance travelled during a particular interval of time. 3. If only the function giving the velocity at each instant is known, what would be the function giving the position at each instant These are the basic problems which are generally addressed by Calculus. DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS The two main concepts in Calculus are limits of a function and continuity. Limit of a Sequence If n is a set of integers greater than 0 then consecutive points of a sequence, in our example 2-1/n, when plotted on a number line the sequence will come out to be as 1,1.5,1.66,1.75, 1.8, , 2-1/n, . or 1, 3/2, 5/3, 7/4, 9/5, , 2-1/n, .. Sequence I It is worth noting that as our sequence progresses it seems that we get closer and closer to 2 or our sequence appears to be approaching 2 as it progresses further and further but at no point does it appear to be exactly equal to 2. If x is a variable with above sequence as its range then it is said that xapproaches 2 as limit, or, x tends to 2 as limit and it is written as x 2. Limit of a Function Continuing with our example of Sequence I above, if function of x f(x) = x2 then all our results would be approaching a value of 4 as in (1)2, (3/2)2, (5/3)2, (7/4)2, (9/5)2, , (2-1/n)2, .. or 1, 9/4/ 25/9, 49/16, 81/25, whereas x 2. Like in another example of a sequence emerging from 2+1/10n the terms of the sequence are 2.1, 2.01, 2.001, 2.0001, .., 2+1/10n Sequence II Here again x2. It can be easily demonstrated that x24 as squaring

The population of china Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The population of china - Essay Example But, one would be surprised to know that if every person on this world stood alongside each other, we would just need an area equal to the city of Los Angeles. So then, why is this information so surprising? It is because we do not need space but balance. The resources dependent on us are few. Five out of a hundred of the world inhabitant’s uses 23% of the world’s energy, 13% do not have water to drink and 38% lack proper hygiene facilities. Humans live on 17% of the Earth’s surface, which is land, out of which only 4% can be used for farming. These problems of today have inspired me to take up the topic of population distribution. The specific case chosen is of the most populous country in the world – China. Population Distribution can be defined as the arrangement or the spread of people in a given area. It could also mean how the population of an area is arranged according to things such as age, race or sex. Population Distribution is influenced by fact ors such as climate, natural resources, work opportunities, social services, density and culture. A city or town having a pleasant climate, adequate food and water resources, and good employment opportunities is likely to have high density. China, officially known as the People’s Republic of China (PRC), has a population of over 1.3 billion with a population density of about 140 persons per square kilometre. Therefore, this makes China’s population distribution a good topic to talk about as it is the most populous country in the world. In this annotated bibliography, we are going to describe the sources that talk about the distribution patterns of the Chinese population, whereby we will also look at the factors that contributed to the particular patterns of distribution. This text talks about the spreading patterns of the Chinese population in terms of education, religion and ethnicity. According to the author, the population distribution of China can also be

BCCI and White Collar Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

BCCI and White Collar Crime - Essay Example But, success was not the only step for BCCI's fate. Price Waterhouse was asked to carry inquiry in March, 1991. It was 24th June, 1991 when they submitted the Sandstorm Report to Bank of England stating that BCCI had engaged in fraud case. Main capital base to BCCI were virtual oil-rich Arab leaders who acted to be the investor but, in reality they were working as nominees. Bank since its beginning attracted people to deposit their funds by pretending that they have more capital which in reality was not true. It used to use the deposits in order to meet the expenses. Even it forced its own shareholders to participate in this drama. Major actions that resulted into frauds by BCCI were enlisted by New York District Attorney. According to them the important points are: Middle East personalities included their names and funds to BCCI as an investor which in effect turned to be flaw because their funding was based on guaranteed no-risk return instead of actual sponsor at risk. After getting the request from Bank of England, Price Waterhouse presented its report on BCCI known as Sandstorm Report. As per the report, BCCI committed several mistakes and did many unofficial activities that are out of one company's ethics. Price Waterhouse persons collected records from banks of various countries, reviewed them and interviewed in some cases, finally formed one draft keeping all key points there. During their scrutiny they found that BCCI did not record $600 million of BCCI's deposit. It first knocked the Price Waterhouse audit persons. Among the other types of frauds described by audit include: manipulation of their account at the time of non-performing loan, fabricated profit, hidden losses, setting up of untrue loans for repurchasing shares, cheating of deposits, unreal transactions and charges, showing nominees as capitalists, illegal repurchasing platform for shareholders, bad investment, missing of standardized procedure of records, artificial customer loa ns and most important fallacious audit confirmation (Price Waterhouse, 1987). After losing money for the reason of poor lending operations, instead of accepting provisions for losses they just simply cheated them. Apart from that BCCI used to manipulate their accounts. Actual reason for this manipulation was make the bank appear to be a good profitable and reputed institution than it was which helped it to get security for its deposits. With these approaches when condition of BCCI was worse, made it worst after the loss of $500 million in 1985. That loss was only due to commodity trading undertaken through Capcom. Along with the numbered accounts in order to manipulate accounts through back-to-back transactions they used to use "managers ledgers." It was such a bad activity that the person keeping the records even forgets which person made which transaction. In most of the cases, none of the authority was able to identify either the name of borrower or credit officer responsible for controlling the accounts (Price Waterhouse report to BCCI, 1986). Price

Does international law function effectively Essay

Does international law function effectively - Essay Example If we expand the definition to include nation states and simplify it somewhat we can say that any particular act can be seen as a crime if the international community defines it as such3.This is clearly the state of affairs when one examines the current state and the historical foundations of international law where crimes were said to be committed when countries broke agreements with each other, went back on treaties signed with groups of other nations, ignored international decisions or behaved in a inappropriate manner4 for a nation that wishes to be integrated into the larger global cooperative system that is currently taking place in the history of civilisation5. While this may show that international law and regulations have failed, it cab be shown that the law itself has not failed rather it is application of the law which has missed the mark completely. As a basic element of civilized living, it seems that the idea for not breaking any rules and following the law is ingrained into the members of a group simply because without respect for and agreement on certain rules, a society could completely fall under anarchy. To maintain laws, there is also the intimidation of punishment linked to breaking the laws but if a country or a ruler of a country knows that they can get away with it then it would be unlikely that they would continue to follow the law without incredible self restraint6. Even on an individual level, a society where certain powerful members or the elite play give little regard to the laws of the collective, the society can eventually get to a position where the law is utterly powerless and in many ways, this idea certainly applies to the global arena7. As there are lawgivers and lawbreakers in the global arena, there are also people and organisations responsible for keeping the law. In a city, town or country, it is relatively easy to enforce the law mainly because jurisdiction issues are not present. However, in the case of

Business Organisation and Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Business Organisation and Policy - Essay Example Where as, if the country has a government, which prefers large companies and even sometimes the government invests a lot to pull the sick companies, definitely the sentiments would be in favour of size. In a condition of economical boom, most of the people seek their entrepreneurial dreams to come true. The venture capitalists are there to help them out in this. Situations become gloomy in economic downturn. Venture capital firms would be in no position to help them out. In such a situation, big companies can sustain for long than the small ones. The situation can be seen from other point of view also. For an example, an industry, whose demand has decreased drastically; a large company, being in that industry, would get hit badly than the smaller ones. The smaller ones would incur less cost than the bigger ones. Even the economic downturn can be encouraging for the entrepreneurial business. In such a scenario employment opportunities would get squeezed. Many people would be inspired to have their own business this time. Even in recession time, companies prefer to squeeze themselves; by cutting on their employee size or selling off some of the non profitable divisions of a conglomer ate. Sometimes some social reasons can encourage a company to be whether small entrepreneurial or of larger size. Social pressure can play an important role to create emotions in favour of the entrepreneurship. Technology has encouraged having smaller entrepreneurial companies; but taking the help from the bigger ones. The small companies grow using the servers of the big companies; taking the help from their research and development. Sometimes large companies can have problems in communicating between themselves; the centred management information system might not be efficient enough to carry on the co-ordination within the business systems; that time the

Major taste of technology or advancements of the world Essay

Major taste of technology or advancements of the world - Essay Example These tools included learning how to type, do power points, work excel, and surf the Internet for information. This is how I got my first major taste of technology or advancements of the world. Though technology is not only limited to computers but my first interaction with technology was way back when I first used the telephone later I also had the opportunity to use a cell phone which is another great leap by humans in communication technology and is still developing rapidly. In my opinion, technology is the development used by humans, in which they modify nature to meet their needs and wants. Most people, however, think of technology in terms of its artifacts, such as computers and software, aircraft, pesticides, water-treatment plants, birth-control pills, and microwave ovens, to name a few. But technology is more than these tangible products in my opinion. Technology has shaped the present of the human race, it is the key to development and growth. God gifted us with a prize named nature so now it's our duty to explore it and modify it in a sense that it helps us in numerous ways. Many including me sense that technology will help the humans in future for solving great complex phenomenon that are unexplained so far.

Ballistics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ballistics - Research Paper Example o empirical evidence to back up this claim that criminal cases have been affected because the jurors are now more well-versed in Forensic Science through these television series—making it more difficult to get a guilty verdict as jurors require more forensic evidence—a study has been conducted on 1027 jurors that show that â€Å"46 % expected to see some kind of scientific evidence in every criminal case† (Barak, Kim and Shelton, 2006 as cited in Shelton, 2008, p. 5). Now, because gun-related crimes continue to rise since 2002, with 68% of murders in the United States in the year 2006 being committed with the use of a firearm, it can be said that much of the scientific evidence being expected by jurors relate to ballistics, which is a specialized area in the field of Forensics (National Institute of Justice, 2010, para. 2). In fact, the study on â€Å"the CSI Effect† found that â€Å"32 % expected to see ballistic/firearms laboratory evidence in every criminal case† (p. 5). This introduction into Forensic Science and Ballistics does not only highlight their key role in crime-solving, but also emphasizes the role of scientific evidence in serving justice. It can be said, then, that no matter how the television series may have exaggerated some aspects of crime scene investigation, like the time the evidence is processed, it cannot be refuted that the field of Forensics and Ballistics play crucial roles in the criminal justice systemâ €”CSI Effect or not. Having established the importance of Forensic Science and Ballistics, I will now outline what this paper will contain. In the course of my paper I will provide background and history of the field and I will then examine the many changes undergone by ballistics in the 20th century. Case studies will be examined to highlight the points that I will be making. I will then conclude with some thoughts as to where the field may go in the future. Forensic Science, most commonly known by its shortened name of Forensics, is

Id, Ego and Super-Ego As it relates to “The Lord of the Flies” Essay Example for Free

Id, Ego and Super-Ego As it relates to â€Å"The Lord of the Flies† Essay Many people have different types of personalities. The characters from the story The Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, have 3 different parts of personality of the brain. According to Freud these are the three parts Id, Ego and the Super-Ego. Freud’s personality theory really shows in The Lord of the Flies. In the story Jack would be described as the Id. According to Sigmund Freud, Id is the part of your personality you are born with that you have to control. These aspects of personality are entirely unconscious and make you have a bad behavior if you don’t get what you desire, want or need. Jack had a problem following the rules and controlling his behavior about working together to get rescued with the other kids. He killed people, not caring about the consequences. He felt like he could do anything he wanted, Id people don’t care about following rules; that’s the last thing they care about. On the other hand, Super-ego is very different from Id. People who are ruled by Super-Ego follow the rules and even make them. They sense what’s right and wrong. In The Lord of the Flies the Super-Ego was Piggy. He would take everything very seriously when it would come time to make plans. For example he said, â€Å"How can you expect to be rescued if you don’t put first things first and act proper?† (p 45). It shows us how much he wants order in the group and for everybody to act maturely. Super-Ego also operates in accordance with social conformity and appropriateness. The super-ego, its role of moral authoritarian, is the opposite of the Id. The other main character from the Lord of the Flies was Ralph. He’s the one known as the leader. He cared, showed kindness and also was very  intelligent. The personality represented by Ralph is the Ego. The role of the Ego is to sift through what is real and what isn’t. They make decisions by their thoughts, theyfollow what makes sense to them and how they relate it to the world we live in. Ralph demonstrates common sense and reality, which is one of the things Ego has. Ralph was very realistic about being rescued when everybody was saying that nobody would find them. He also wanted to have fun; an example of how the Ego balances the Id and Super-Ego is showed Ralph is figuring out what to do, â€Å"†¦This is what I thought. We want to have fun. And we want to be rescued.† (p 37). William Golding really shows us how human nature could be. He illustrates how truly destructive humans can be. Golding makes very good use of characters in The Lord of the Flies, he shows both good and evil through each of the characters. He saw how destructive humans can be, and how normal people transform from a civilized human being into a savage in a quick second. The ending tells us that people don’t really imagine what other people can do. The military officer made a joke that it was ironic of what’s happening on the island, â€Å"We saw your smoke. What you been doing? Having a war or something?† (p 201). It’s ironic how the military officer said something that was exactly what was happening†¦he would have never thought some little kids would do something like that. The Lord of the Flies is a picture of the society in which we live today. It is a novel, which explains some of the issues like violence and many other things that are happening in the world. It is much easier to side with evil but very challenging to support humans and what we know is right. Society keeps everybody civilized and we need rules and principles to live by.The Id, Ego and Super-Ego are why we are different from each other, it explains why we think and behave differently. Freud knew all parts of personality must exist together in balance for a person or a society to stay healthy, live happily and safely.

My favourite subject Essay Example for Free

My favourite subject Essay My favourite subject in school is English. It is quite easy and pleasant to study it. English is used in each field of life and it is useful to know it. Most of web sides are in English. It is nice to be able to use such a sides like yahoo, msn and english Wikipedia. I can get a lot of information and news, which are not available on polish sides. Next plus: I can use english books and magazines. Sometimes I like to download e-books and magazines in pdf. It is effectively way to study English in home. Using English I can communicate with many peoples. I can use Skype and ICQ to talk and chat and get new contacts. I can use many applications and play games. I have used Windows XP and Office for two months and it was quite easy. Most of movies are in English. I like to watch them without subtitles. If I can I always switch the polish dubbing off ? I hate it. The last advantage to know English is I can talk with all people talking English. This holidays when I was in Gdańsk somebody asked all people: Do you speak English Everybody talked No and Nie wiem o co chodzi. When she came to me and asked the question Do you speak English I could say ?Yes, how can I help you She told ?How can I get to the bus station I told ?Can you see this building? The station is behind it. Please go this way?. She smiled to me and walked away. I was happy that I could help. As you can see English is useful in life. All of us study it in everyday situations and activities. The language is quite simple and logic. I use it all the time. This is why I like English and it is my favourite subject in school.

Physical Education within Early Years and Primary Education

Physical Education within Early Years and Primary Education This essay will provide a rationale; an explanation of the fundamental reasons, for teaching the foundation subjects within Early Years and Primary Education, with specific reference to P.E. The Early Years foundation stage (EYFS) statutory framework ensures that children learn and develop well and are kept healthy and safe. It promotes teaching and learning to ensure children are ready for school and gives children the broad range of knowledge and skills that provide the right foundation for good future progress through school and life. (Department for Education, 2012, 2 lines). The National Curriculum (NC), which is currently under a review launched by the Government, is a set of standards that schools use to ensure all children learn the same things and that make sure certain levels of attainment are achieved in each subject (GOV.UK, 2012). The National Curriculum includes core subjects and foundation subjects, and all of these are compulsory. English, Mathematics, Science and ICT are all core subjects, and the foundation subjects include Art, Design and Technology, Music, Geography, History and P.E. Religious Education is taught in addition to these subjects although it does not form part of the National Curriculum. It is, however, included in the basic curriculum and is legally bound to be taught. The National Curriculum gives a well-defined and detailed guide to learning for all children, which shows what should be taught and sets targets for learning and the attainment levels for pupils. It also includes ways in which performance will be assessed and reported (Department for Education and Qualification and Curriculum Authority, 1999). The foundation subjects and R.E. are just as important as the core subjects as they all teach an underlying skill or allow children to develop their own opinions and choices. Every foundation subject has a purpose behind it, some are less focused on than others, but they all have very good reasons for being in the curriculu m. Boys and Spink (2008) believe the foundation subjects and R.E. have the potential to be the most powerful, most meaningful and most relevant areas of learning for all learners (p. 12), this is supported by Rose (2008) who comments that the foundation subjects stimulate childrens desire to learn and widen their depth and breadth of thought, knowledge and capability. Within this essay I will debate the rationale for why we teach the foundation subjects, focusing my attention on Physical Education across the 3-11 age groups. I will be looking at P.E. in the EYFS as well as the purpose, nature and importance of P.E. in the Primary Curriculum, throughout Key Stages 1 and 2. Also, justification concerning the inclusion of P.E. in the curriculum will be explored, as well as arguments for and against P.E. being taught in schools. Finally I will compare the similarities and differences between the Early Years and Primary Education, followed by a final analysis and conclusion of the argume nts mentioned. Wickstrom (1970) states that: Where there is life there is movement; where there are children there is almost perpetual movement. Children normally run, jump, throw, catch, kick, strike, and perform a multitude of basic skills. Physical Education involves the physical development of the whole child, right from birth to the Early Years (ages 3-7) then followed through to Primary Education (up to age 11), which then continues throughout the teenage years and into adulthood. Children learn through physical activity, whether its counting, painting, talking, building, or climbing, swinging and jumping. Physical activity is extremely important for childrens development especially in the Early Years. Most children are very agile, strong and inventive, and by the age of 7 should be able do all the basic movements involved with everyday life. They can then go on to develop coordination, control and balance, and learn to apply these skills throughout their lives (Manners and Carroll, 1995). According to the Statutory Framework for the Early Years Foundation Stage (2012), as well as coordination, control and movement, physical development in the EYFS also involves understanding the importance of physical activities and making healthy choices in relation to food. By the end of the Early Years Foundation Stage, children should: Move with confidence, imagination and in safety. Move with control and coordination. Travel around, under, over and through balancing and climbing equipment. Show awareness of space, of themselves and others. Recognise the importance of keeping healthy, and those things which contribute to this. Recognise the changes that happen to their bodies when they are active. Use a range of small and large equipment. Handle tools, objects, construction and malleable materials safely and with increasing control. (Department for Education, 2012a) Physical Education holds a unique position within the Primary school curriculum in that it promotes physical, emotional and social development through a mainly active approach. Some of its key aims are to encourage the development of healthy lifestyles and movement ability through the encouragement of positive attitudes towards activity and physical challenge. The Physical Education curriculum at Key Stages 1 and 2 should therefore involve a wide range of exciting and challenging experiences which enable children to develop and perfect basic movement patterns within the context of an interesting and entertaining learning environment. During Key Stage 1 children focus on building their natural enthusiasm for movement (DfEE and QCA, 1999, p. 130) and use this develop their understanding about the world. By Key Stage 2 children focus more on new skills, combining actions, phrases and sequences of movement and they develop an understanding of how to succeed in different activities and le arn how to evaluate and recognise their own success (DfEE and QCA, 1999, p.132). Physical Education in the National Curriculum is divided into six main areas of activity; dance activities, games activities, gymnastic activities, swimming activities and water safety, athletic activities and outdoor and adventure activities. Children must be taught five of these, with swimming being compulsory (DfEE and QCA, 1999). The main curriculum aims are to create: Successful learners who enjoy learning, make progress and achieve. Confident individuals who are able to live a safe, healthy and fulfilling lifestyle. Responsible citizens who make a positive contribution to society. (Department for Education, 2012b) Primary Physical Education is the best time for pupils to establish fundamental movement skills (FMS); basic motor skills and movements of different body parts. This stage is crucial for children to develop basic movements learned in the Early Years. Children develop fundamental movement skills within locomotor activities such as running and jumping, balance activities, and ball activities e.g. catching and throwing. Fundamental movement skills provide the basis for complex movement with range and flexibility, whilst developing communication, emotional and logical learning opportunities (Griggs, 2012). As well as being taught by things in the National Curriculum, children also learn from a hidden curriculum. The hidden curriculum indirectly teaches skills such as behaviour, respect, punctuality and obeying rules. These things are not stated in the curriculum but are subconsciously developed throughout a childs time at school. In relation to Physical Education, children will learn how to work appropriately as a team and what is acceptable sporting behaviour. However, the hidden curriculum can also reinforce gender stereotyping in Physical Education. For example, girls who are good at or enjoy sport will sometimes be called tomboys. Sport can be seen as masculine and for boys to learn how to be real men (Laker, 2002). Classroom-based subjects such as R.E., Music, Maths and English are very important components of the curriculum and offer great amounts to childrens learning. However Pickup (2012) argues that certain aspects of P.E. are unique and provide significant opportunities to create interactive, dynamic, multi-sensory and enjoyable lessons. Making P.E. enjoyable, exciting and relevant for pupils within the 3-11 age groups is of upmost importance. Interaction is paramount for keeping children engaged in physical activity and by creating competition or setting goals to variety of activities that allow the children to use different equipment will help to keep their learning diverse and fun. Technology is becoming of greater use in todays society and The National Association for Sport and Physical Education (NASPE) (2004) believes that the use of technology can be a productive way to enhance and enrich instruction when used suitably. For example, use of videos can add an extra dimension to demonstrations and using recording equipment can help children to observe and evaluate their own work. The Rose Report (Rose, 2009) and the Cambridge Primary Review (Alexander, 2009) both endorsed that ICT should be embedded in the teaching of all subjects, with the inclusion of Physical Education. The use of technology doesnt just stop at video equipment and ICT, the selection is vast and can include stopwatches, heart monitors and analysis software. If properly planned and used appropriately, opportunities to engage with technology can support and enhance teaching and learning by enthusing children and boosting their motivation. Ofsted (2009) claimed that effective uses of ICT had a positive impact on the wellbeing and personal development of pupils, as well as contributing significantly towards their ability to work both independently and cooperatively. However, we should acknowledge that there is more to the successful implementation of ICT in Physical Education lessons than just being given access to equipment. Learning must be improved by the use of these resources by expanding on existing knowledge in an in-depth, more significant, imaginative and effective way. Whilst ICT has the possibility to provide strength to learning in Physical Education there are also potential weaknesses. There are disadvantages with the use of ICT, for example it can occasionally fail to work and teachers need to be able to adjust to the challenges this brings. (Williams and Cliffe, 2011) According to the Health Survey for England (HSE) (2010), 31% of boys and 29% of girls aged 2 to 15 were classed as either overweight or obese (p. 23) and this has been steadily increasing since 1995. Also, only 32% of boys 24% of girls were classified as meeting the governments recommendations for physical activity in 2008 (p. 38). To enjoy a healthy, active and fulfilling lifestyle children must be taught the importance of care for the human body including diet, exercise and hygiene. It is the role of schools and teachers to make children aware of the effects that exercise has on the body, how to prepare for physical activity e.g. warming up by stretching their muscles and raising their heart rate, and the importance of cooling down after exercise (Robinson, 2000). With the increasing concern about health and inactivity in primary schools, the value of healthy lifestyles and exercise should be conveyed clearly to children throughout their time spent in school. Robinson (2000) notes that Physical Education is an important contributor to health and fitness and should be used in addition to health education to promote an overall positive approach to the knowledge and understanding of health and fitness. Williams (1989) points out that Physical Education faces some problems with its inclusion in Primary Education. In previous decades, the status of P.E. was often considered lower than the other subjects in the curriculum and in the past teachers have been consistently criticised for their failure to teach the subject properly (Physical Education Association, 1987). However, in todays society, the status of physical activity has been suggested to be at an all-time high with politicians becoming interested in recognising the significance of sport and the recent excitement of the 2012 London Olympic and Paralympic Games, which was the biggest sporting event ever to be staged in England, providing role models for the children of today (Pickup, 2008, p. 72). To conclude, the inclusion of Physical Education within Early Years and Primary Education is extremely important. P.E. provides the foundation for the development of fundamental movement skills which builds on skills from the Early Years through to Primary Education. Use of equipment, games, competition and particularly the exploration of technology within lessons and activities has shown how P.E can be made relevant and exciting for pupils within the 3-11 age groups. Also, issues about the previous status of Physical Education have been argued by the increasing benefits that have come with recent events such as the Olympics. Physical Education helps with the concerns about childhood obesity and inactivity by teaching the value of healthy exercise and demonstrating how to live a healthy lifestyle. Overall, the fundamental reasons for teaching Physical Education in the EYFS and NC includes physical, emotional and social development, the growth of self-confidence, the development of ph ysical skills and literacy and personal achievement within the bounds of individual difference and equal opportunity. 2,090 words.

Capital Punishment :: essays research papers

Capital Punishment I recently read an article from the ACLU, written by Adam Bedau. It explained, quite eloquently, that for society to execute a murderer made society no better than the murderer himself. He said, â€Å"The executioner is no better than the criminal.† I was impressed by this moral stance, but I was surprised to read that he failed to apply this logic consistently. For example, the he went on to argue that life imprisonment would be a more appropriate penalty for murder than death. Using this ACLU logic, it appears that for our society to lock someone in a room against his will and not free him for a considerable length of time makes our society no better than the everyday kidnapper. But if an individual locked another up against his will, wouldn’t the ACLU view this as kidnapping. Being from the Methodist faith I found this argument somewhat difficult. For in the Bible there is a scripture that states, â€Å"an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth.† I presume the ACLU would agree that beatings or torture are also unacceptable forms of punishment for crimes. They seem to be inhumane. Yet in Eastern cultures, if one steals something, they lose a finger or two and sometimes an entire hand depending on the severity of the crime. This seems to be reason enough not to steal, as in these cultures there is a very low theft rate. Maybe the ACLU would find a monetary fine a more appropriate punishment? For society to take money away from someone against his will without giving him any tangible goods in return would make society a thief. Of course, the Bedau also explains that capital punishment brutalizes society, leading to even more murders. If we, as a society, adopt this no-punishment position, it logically follows that there would be less crime. Once criminals realized that no matter what they did, no fellow citizen would lift a finger to stop them, why, they’d just be so overcome with the generosity of their neighbors tha t they’d naturally be inclined to become upstanding, productive citizens.

Adam Smith v. Karl Marx Essays -- Papers Capitalism Communism Essays

Adam Smith v. Karl Marx Being reared in the typical capitalist community in the United States, it is much easier for me to relate to the thoughts of Adam Smith. This is not to say that I do not agree with some of the precepts of pure Communism, but like the old adage says, "Communism looks good on paper, but in practice, it is completely ineffective." Historically, this form of government does not tend to succeed because of many factors. Some of these include basic economic differences, individualism, and technology and how it advances or serves as a detriment to the state. My stance is clear: I believe that Adam Smith has the more credible stance. Beginning with the economic side of the discussion Smith takes a Western approach in his thought processes. He states in so many words that workers are continually looking for the best job and the best wage. Marx believes that a wage-labor war will break down society and cause a downfall of the economic structure. The Capitalist belief is that each individual is continually exerting himself to find the most advantageous employment for whatever capital he can command (Smith 15). Smith says also in paragraph 15 that it is human nature for a person to better society while bettering himself. In Adam's opinion each person has the right to the pursuit of happiness, and that each person has to take it in their own hands to advance within society. Marx disagrees by saying that when a person betters himself he does not improve but instead endangers society. For example, when the bourgeois cuts employment because of technology, the bourgeois hurts society by "†¦instead of rising the laborers with the progress of industry, sinks them deeper below the conditions of existence of their own class... ...both of their ideas. They seem to use similar methods, using logical statements to convey their points that seem to very much contrast each other. Marx’s philosophies deal with improving society for the better to reach industrial prosperity while Smith believes that the incentives of a free market will allow this happen and that human nature will cause Marx’s theory to fail. In the end both men want one common goal which is the best possible economic system for society because both realize that economics is single greatest controller of the major aspects of society. Bibliography: Works Cited Page Marx, Karl. â€Å"The Communist Manifesto.† A World of Ideas. Ed. Lee Jacobus. Boston: Bedford Books, 1998. 209-32. Smith, Adam. â€Å"Of the Principle of the Commercial or Mercantile System.† A World Of Ideas. Ed. Lee Jacobus. Boston: Bedford Books, 1998. 195-205.

Using Calculus to Model Epidemics Essay -- SARS, MERS, pathology, epide

With the recent scare of a so-called Severe acute respiratory syndrome-like (SARS) virus called Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS – CoV) that so far has unknown origins and has a astounding mortality rate of 47.6% , I began to wonder about the complexities of disease outbreaks and the mathematics behind epidemics. That’s when research led me to realize that it was possible to model epidemics using calculus. As a pathofobiac, I’ve always been intrigued, and scared, of, diseases - constantly reading statistics regarding different diseases, examining how they spread an calculating the chances of any of them ever infecting me or any of my loved ones. So when the opportunity came to do a math exploration, I thought it would be interesting to look into the mathematics behind disease spread. The aim of this exploration is to investigate and examine one epidemic model and then attempt to apply it to a scenario and determine if it’s a realistic and accurate model. The Initial model Although Epidemic modeling depends on a variety of factors, which will be discussed later on (such as the type of disease and its rate of spread) the initial model takes into account the major factors to produce a simplistic model. Firstly, the initial model takes into account the very basic assumptions that are listed below â€Å"1. SIR: All individuals fit into one of the following categories: Susceptible: those who can catch the disease. Infectious: those who can spread the disease. Removed: those who are immune and cannot spread the disease 2. The population is large confined to a well-defined region. You might imagine the population to be a large university during the semester, when relatively little outside travel takes place. 3. The popu... ...culty of The University of Iowa) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). 3 September 2013. 3 September 2013 . Department of Statistics at Columbia University. Introduction to Epidemic Modelling. Unknown Unknown Unknown. 28 August 2013 . KidsHealth. Chickenpox. Unknown Unknown Uknown. 1 September 2013 . Maps of World. Population Mexico (Poblacion de Mexico]). Unknown Unknown Unknown. 2 September 2013 . Mathematics Faculty of The University of Iowa. Using Calculus to Model Epidemics. Unknown Unknown Unknown. 24 August 2013 . Using Calculus to Model Epidemics Essay -- SARS, MERS, pathology, epide With the recent scare of a so-called Severe acute respiratory syndrome-like (SARS) virus called Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS – CoV) that so far has unknown origins and has a astounding mortality rate of 47.6% , I began to wonder about the complexities of disease outbreaks and the mathematics behind epidemics. That’s when research led me to realize that it was possible to model epidemics using calculus. As a pathofobiac, I’ve always been intrigued, and scared, of, diseases - constantly reading statistics regarding different diseases, examining how they spread an calculating the chances of any of them ever infecting me or any of my loved ones. So when the opportunity came to do a math exploration, I thought it would be interesting to look into the mathematics behind disease spread. The aim of this exploration is to investigate and examine one epidemic model and then attempt to apply it to a scenario and determine if it’s a realistic and accurate model. The Initial model Although Epidemic modeling depends on a variety of factors, which will be discussed later on (such as the type of disease and its rate of spread) the initial model takes into account the major factors to produce a simplistic model. Firstly, the initial model takes into account the very basic assumptions that are listed below â€Å"1. SIR: All individuals fit into one of the following categories: Susceptible: those who can catch the disease. Infectious: those who can spread the disease. Removed: those who are immune and cannot spread the disease 2. The population is large confined to a well-defined region. You might imagine the population to be a large university during the semester, when relatively little outside travel takes place. 3. The popu... ...culty of The University of Iowa) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). 3 September 2013. 3 September 2013 . Department of Statistics at Columbia University. Introduction to Epidemic Modelling. Unknown Unknown Unknown. 28 August 2013 . KidsHealth. Chickenpox. Unknown Unknown Uknown. 1 September 2013 . Maps of World. Population Mexico (Poblacion de Mexico]). Unknown Unknown Unknown. 2 September 2013 . Mathematics Faculty of The University of Iowa. Using Calculus to Model Epidemics. Unknown Unknown Unknown. 24 August 2013 .

BP Management Planning

Direction We strive to be a safety leader in our industry, a world-class operator, a responsible corporate citizen and a great employer. We are working to enhance safety and risk management, earn back trust and grow value. Keeping a relentless focus on safety is a top priority for us.Good management of risk helps to protect the people at the frontline, the places in which we operate and the value we create. We understand that operating in politically-complex regions and technically- demanding geographies, such as deep water and oil sands, requires particular sensitivity to local environments. We continue to enhance our systems, processes and standards, including how we manage contractors. ( Bp † ‘ , 2012) Situational Analysis Mitigate and eliminate situations that put the company at risk. Goal transparency is key to building trust and relationships.Simplify goals so interpretations are clear Have a broader presence in the communities we serve. Communicating is key to buil ding trust and relationships. Alternatives Mistrust by the community Lack of generated revenue Increased injuries to our team Lack of knowledge regarding BP Misconceptions regarding BP Possible increase revenue by the competition Goals Recognize potential for our presence to impact the lives of indigenous communities. Sensitivity to community displacement as a result of our company projects. Complete Revenue transparency with governments, nongovernmental organizations and international agencies.Manage environmental sensitivities and the potential impacts on communities. Create a culture of Safety. Oversight Day-to-day risk identification and management occurs in the group operations and functions, with the approach varying according to the types of risk we face. Oversight and governance occurs at board, executive and function levels to help foster effective group-wide oversight, business planning and resource allocation, intervention and knowledge sharing.

V for Vendetta(Graphic Novels)

Graphic allegory V for Vendetta Close to the sassy 1984 Which colors ar associated to the 3 important characters? V red white menacing Evey Orange Finch grey Themes vendetta liberty the man behind the disguise. Is V penny-pinching? There is no sober and defective in this story, it just justly and wrong. How is terrorism justified? How is tourism justified? What be the danger of democracy and dictatorship? V, purposeful All the chapters titles atomic number 18 beginning beingness free or no subject Chasing immunity is graciouss nature. But it is excessively very selfish Key legal injury Norsefire the g overnment. The Nose smell the criminalsThe Ear mind to what people are talking on the QT The Eyes Spy The Mouth the character from the government. The fingers secret polices The fate com locali hitchr The god, Susan is in loved with it The character of fate the voice from god. Larkhill the prison where change V chew 5 the experiment on V The Shadow heading Vs la ir Anarchy no government, the briny judgment of the book. Fascism V enigmatic terrorist individual(prenominal) Accountability Moral ambiguity care V is not a person but a symbol, an idea Identity, individuality, idea Freedom Eveys personal harvest through the story At first, initially and fearfulWhen V tortures her, he takes invariablyything away from her provided her ideals. He forces her to defend her ideals, against pain of death, he free her from her fear, and gives her the tools necessary to defend that decision inch of her Totally Free In the story, every angiotensin converting enzyme hide behind a veil Essence vs. Existence To be extraneous the person that you are hind end be seems by others What I do doctor who I amExistence What I am define what I doEssence What crops you unique? My sur sheath and the personality. What is your weakness as individual? Lazy and halfhearted What is your strength as an individual? non easily frustrated.Optimistic Every whiz deal work and communicate. A few people testament control condition other people. Valerie and Ruth Its subtle and its fragile and its the only thing in the world thats cost having. Last Inch It is what remains aft(prenominal) everything has been stripped away. Its what we hold on to the most. Its what we value the most. Its the core of who we are. Believe, love, everyone is different. baffle transfixed, impossible to move. Become Transfigured Remain what you feel right now. dupet change either more, show the kick rectifystairs inch of you to everyone. Gustave Le Bon Group psychological science * Group breed amity You plump your job(Zimbardo 1972) * Leaders gain swan by conforming * Groups bed improve carrying out * People leave loaf Zimbardo test Change the rules Some people urgency to become leaders Groups breed conformity Asch 1951 People pertain peoples idea Leaders gain trust by conforming Initially fitted with the theme and slowly suggested the new idea Perfor mance-Trip allowt 1898 sight that racing cyclist with a pacer covered each mile roughly 5 seconds quicker than those without People will loaf-Ringlemann 1890s found participants in a tug o fight would put 50% less effort when they were squad on 8 then when they are alone Why? People give the bounce be compare. attest 14th rebuke roughly individuality vs. behavior prize Talk What is V as a symbol? The block out, Letter V, What does V affirm Hide your identity. He is who he chooses to be. overturn Fear/Someones hardihood V-victory room number versus/conflict placidity VERITAS-truth Violet Carson, Valerie Vs drape counterbalances a few things. On one level, it represents the concept of identity vs. the ideal Vs true identity is never revealed because it doesnt matter who he dark out to be- he represents a great ideal, and abandoning his individual identity underneath the mask is the embodiment of that.The mask similarly represents resister and insurrection, due to the origins of its design. The mask is modeled aft(prenominal) Guy Fawkes, who is known for attempting to blow up the British Parliament on November 5th, 1606 This excessively ties back to abandoning the individual behind a greater ideal-Guy Fawkes come to represent revolt in a larger sense, and the mask comes to represent Guy Fawkes. Remember suck in in mind the fifth of November, gunpowder, treason and plot, I have no reason that the day should ever be forgot. Finally, it represents becoming accountable for oneself and personal growth.Eveys renewing culminates when she dons the mask, transforming into the embodiment of something greater than herself.? Choose your mask, mask define otherwise Vox POPULI-Voice of People-bullocks The letter V appears extensively throughout the narrative.. Vs distinctive symbol, a V indoors a circle, often appears defacing party property, and accompanies a deliberate act of defiance by V. Anarchy means no leader. subsequent in the novel, after V compromises Norsefires ability to monitor their constituents.. a misfire. anarchy V also represents epiphany transformation and self-actualization.Several characters, when they reach a new discernment about themselves or the world rough them, raise their arms to the sky, forming a V shape. This occurs when Finch comes to understand the power he had over his own life, and as Evey takes the mask of V. If you let someone decide for you, dont complain What is good is the enemy of right. March 15, 2013 symbolism and V Find one piece of art which can represent analyze you. Why does V wear a mask? Do we see Vs real type? What would be the effect of revealing his face? To the characters within the story? To the reader? acquaint to Guy Fawkes Reflection In exhausting a mask, V becomes something bigger than himself. He becomes the living embodiment of an ideal. The idea is stronger than the individual, and turn the individual is meek and scared and has no real power over itself or ot hers, the idea can be unvanquishable in the face of even the harshest opposition. lift thesis questions that you will answer yourself about HUGO 1, what are the notions of identity individuality? How can we define our freedom? Is it absolute right and wrong? Is it followers felicitousness of snap off to reaching freedom?Must intend about the visual. Susan gets murdered we matte up sorry. When Vs dead at that place is something wrong. V fights for freedom with fascism. May as well say good vs. malefic But upon closer inspection, things become more strayed. V kills guilty and innocent a desire, and even kills the guilty regardless of their remorse. Likewise, to achieve his ends, he captured tortured and emotionally broke down Evey, brain fresh her. In any other story, they would be the acts of the villain. The members of Norsefire are show as having varying degrees of redeeming ng qualities.Finch immediately comes to mind he is a high ranking official in the government and do es hunt down and at long last kill V, but he through so because its what he thinks is right. in time Susan, the leader of the fascist regime, genuinely believes hes doing whats best for everyone, even if they thinks pleasant. cuckoos nest Abnegation Susan loves the country, but not his power. V and Susan are actually quite similar. They are the two sides of the same coin. Alan Moore intentionally crafted this righteous gray area between the characters. purport is not black and white, and very seldom are there clear-cut good and evil people out there.Everyone has varying degrees of both within them its the human condition. We are all ruled by our drives and our values, and they are constantly at war with one another. The shadow aim pursuit of happiness and content. The gallery represent happiness both its positive and negative qualities. On one hand, t is filled with subtletys treasures the best things human hands have crafted. V is shown to enjoy things like musicart. represe nts to the reader that the pleasures of life have their time and place and can be positive influence on our lives. However, Evey is shown to become dependant on the Gallery.She feels rock-steady there, she is happy there. Because she is content not take exception the greater evils that lurk outside the Gallerys wall. She makes no attempt to affect greater change. A visual illustration is used which depicts V performing a magic trick for Evey where he makes a caged rabbit disappear, and then reappear, only to make the cage disappear. Happiness and complacency will stand in the way of greater, primal problems getting solved. In short, the shadow Gallery represents how happiness is confused with content and can be fulfilling but can also hold back greater change. .

History Technology 20th Century Essay

The role of engineering science played a huge part in developing our management of sustenance today as we exist. The applied science field positive quickly in the span of the 20th century. We had communication applied science, transferral technology and the technology that contributed to the advancement of modern science.These all contributed to a reform way of living and enhancing our quality of demeanor throughout the 20th century and it continues today. Communications technology played an important part in our evolving gardening in the 20th century. Radio, radar, and early sound preserve were key technologies that paved the way for the development of the telephone, tele croak machine and the storage of data. The way we communicate with others is a great tool for our society to evolve and communicate with one another. This helped with the way we demonstrable our relationships with our countries as hearty by providing a quick way to enunciate to someone or dominate s omeone that is a half way around the world. This technology alike helped our economy by providing an important avenue for the way we can do business. We can hold assemblage calls with multiple parties that were not thought of before. The personal computing device was developed in the 1980s as wellhead as cell phones.The state-supported work net profit was introduced in the 1990s. With these technologies it gave businesses a chance to enhance productivity and ontogenesis our economy and provide us a better quality of life. Transportation technology had a significant impact on our quality of life and the way we become mobile. The combination of the ability to study by air and automobile allowed people to take up unprecedented personal mobility that they did not have before. single of the most notable technologies in the area of transportation came with the quadriceps femoris race between the fall in States and the Soviet Union. This gave a heartseaseful outlet for polit ical and multitude tensions of the Cold contend. This lead to the first human spacefaring with the Soviet Unions mission in 1961 and mans first landing on the moon in 1969.The first space property was launched by the Soviet space program. The United States developed the first reusable spacecraft system with the quad Shuttle program. It was first launched in 1981. The technology that lead to the evolution of the space program for human space travel also allowed for orbiting space probes that have been developed to work with our communication technologies to not only comfort us but provide further exploration in the future.The advancement of medicine has allowed us to raging longer to a greater extent productive lives. Antibiotics was developed that drastically reduced mortality from bacterial diseases. Vaccines were developed to treasure us from epidemics that caused death. X-rays became a powerful tool to canvass diseases and broken bones. Imaging was developed to help docto rs find better ways to treat individuals. All of the medical examination advancements from the 20th century have provided our morality to increase not only in adults but newborn people who did not have the chance at life as they do today. Vietnam War conclusion/ResultsThe struggle that I choose to discuss is the Vietnam War. This struggle was a prolonged struggle between nationalistics forces that were attempting to unify the country of Vietnam under a communist government. The United States was trying to preclude the crack of communism. Many people viewed this war as a no pull round war. The United States leaders had at sea the American publics support for the war. What some people did not realize is that there had been engagement in Vietnam long before the Vietnam War began. The Vietnamese people had suffered under French colonial recover for over six decades. Japan had invaded many split of Vietnam which brought the Vietnamese leader Ho Chi Minh butt to his country after traveling around the world. He ceremonious the Viet Minh.Their goal was to get rid of the French and Japanese people that occupied their land. The French were not willing to give up their colony and fought back. Ho Chi Minh had tried for years to get the United States to support him against the French. He even supplied the United States with armament intelligence about the Japanese during World War II. The United States decided to help the French for care that the country would become a communist country. Viet Cong was established by communist sympathizers in randomness Vietnam to use guerilla warfare against the South Vietnamese. The United States move advisors to South Vietnam but the northwestward Vietnamese pink-slipped directly upon two U. S. Ships in international waters. This resulted in a resolution that the Congress issued that gave the prexy liberty to escalate the United States involvement in Vietnam. The prexys goal was not for the United States to win b ut to bolster South Vietnams defenses until South Vietnam could take over.Because the United States entered into this war without a goal, President Johnson set the stage for the public and troop vexation when the United States was in a stalemate with the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong. The U. S. troops fought the war in the jungle where the Viet Cong were very well supplied and set booby traps for the U. S. troops. This became a difficult war to fight for the Americans. The U.S. troops became thwarted at the conditions they were forced to be in that many became angry and some used drugs to cope. The surprise fall upon that the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong organized against the South Vietnamese cities and towns was the turning point. This proved to the Americans that the enemy was stronger and organized better than they thought. As news spread to the U. S., the American public was unhappy so the President decided that he would not escalate the war any longer. new appointed Presi dent Nixon wanted nothing more than to end the war. He began the process of withdrawing troops in 1969 and expanded the war to other countries. This move created protests throughout America. The President worked toward a peaceful solution and peace talks began. The cease fire did not come on until 1973 and the last U. S. troops left over(p) Vietnam in litigate 1973. Even though the United States had withdrawn its troops, the fighting continued in Vietnam. Finally, South Vietnam formally surrendered to North Vietnam on April 30, 1975. The United States was trying to prevent the spread of communism when ultimately Vietnam was reunited as a communist country in 1976. This was a war the United States should have never been involved in but the government thought otherwise.Insert Paper designation HereInsert introductory text herePaper should be printed on 8.5 X 11 inch white paper. undefiled paper should be double-spaced.The paper should be clean. The printing machine should produce letters that are dark seemly and clear enough to be easily read. Margins should be 1 inch at the top, bottom, left, and right of both page. Do not justify the right margin, preferably leave it ragged by using left justify. Use Times Roman using shell size of 12.Type no more than 27 lines of text on each page (not run the header at the top of the page).References

Copyright Infringement

procure training squad hebdomadal upbraiding right/421 learnedness team up D hebdomad totallyy grammatical construction hebdomad trey pore on right of first publication ravishment, and the intelligent goings in net associated with procure faithfulnesss. right of first publication onslaught loafer be sort into trine theories rank, verificatory, and vicarious. curb is the nigh explicit smorgasbord beca aim the secure protester do-nothing exclude heavy possession of the ladder in chief and that the infringer copied the twist with step forward permission. A facilitator in indirect guess of procure encroachment is reasonable for dam grows.The secure holder essential key out the direct infringer, and the facilitator must book noesis of the usurpation. The right of first publication ravishment consequence against Napster was a street corner circumstance that oblige Napster, at a time a diseng beat along subscription service, to r eappear as a stipendiary subscription service. This eggshell substituted the commission medical specialty was bought. contri stillive attack was example against Napster to force them to leave off smoothen and change their descent model. appreciation the defence mechanism to invasion claims, specifically second-rate hire so-and-so be complex. circus use is the more(prenominal)(prenominal) than or less vulgar defence force of secure infraction.Under the sportsmanlike use defense, some infringement is permitted if the subterfuge arouse be utilise in a meaningful non-infringing way, oft(prenominal)(prenominal) as a VCR. With the digital age and the harvest-home of the meshing applying the procure law has bring more unmatchablerous for the courts. Photography, melody, and softw ar program atomic number 18 the biggest aras affect by copyright infringement and issues dealings with cyberspace. Formats such as MP3 lay down do it easier for i nfringers to phonograph record audio frequency and selective in fashionation files such(prenominal) rapid than before, which stop make it harder to start the infringer or facilitators. bundle package has to a fault pass more and more universal for unlicenced duplication. iTunes has stepped up to bring together to the laws protect copyright by implementing safeguards to save black-market downloads. digital picture taking and tender networking suck open up up upstart dimensions of copyright infringement issues for photographers. The digital millennium copyright perform has do strides in protect copyright holders in the digital age by safe guardianship tertiary mathematical functionies accountable and dismission subsequently give awayies that illicitly download secure aterial. tending(p) that engineering science is operation at a lightning pace, one mass notwithstanding suppose how the music and moving-picture show industries are cope with kee ping as much as the lucre as doable from their creative works. Although repugn for lawmakers, the progress of technology in recent geezerhood has conduct to the sexual climax of unfermented laws and case in point in auspices of quick-witted station. The calculating machine Software procure operate of 1980 afforded safeguard to computer software programs.Since then, appellate courts confine suggested patents quite of copyrights fork out the or so divert form of able property justification. copyright infringement and protection is an classic issue for all businesses fiddling and larger-than-life. to the highest degree large businesses started out as handsome businesses that had a costly intellection that changed everything. umteen slender businesses dupet own patents or copyrights, but as education becomes more and more priceless move of businesses they are graceful more of a concern. The most priceless part of most companies is their knowing property.The franchisor must realise extensive manifestation and enlarge that bushel to some(prenominal)(prenominal) part of the certify or confederacy in suspicion nether trustworthy harm and conditions. Its similarly beta to recommend to oblige and pick up whether the franchiser has formal some early(a) franchisee or any other promissory agreements. tangible and stylemark lawyers are familiar in these matters and should be consulted upon buying a guild with valuable study or if your own connection or if patents and copyrights get obscure (Steingold, 2005).

My Favorite Hobbies

workforcetal picture is champion of my biggest hobbies. each(prenominal) quotationisation has its testify beauty, therefore, its real unenviable for me to alternative superstar to be the cinema that I same the most. However, harmonize to roughly films I fool watched recently, it is zilch besides the quest of blessedness which has big put to work on me. The comely race mingled with amaze and word of honor is the social occasion that makes me identical it. The pursuance of contentment tells us the twaddle of a begetter and his unretentive intelligence. later a ignore investment, the drive which was acted by willing smith loses every topic his wife, his house, his money.The sole(prenominal) thing that helps the reality save up on livelihood is his short son. The altogether photograph describes those chastise years of his life. No money, no smear to live, the twain men as yet devour to cessation in a general stay put room. I sinc erely the homogeneouss of the trend the chief(prenominal) character protects his son, the sort he fights against heap and the counselling he gets rearwards his life. convey for the manager Gabriele Muccino the inquisition of satisf bodily function has a talented ending. im disassemble metalworker is noned for action films simply this beat, he shows the sense of hearing a advanced appearance. seldom groundwork I chaffer such a marvellous movie nigh consanguinity mingled with founding father and son akin this.It is a silicon chip viscous however I calm harbor grit to set aside that I cried when ceremonial occasion this movie. If you are the quality of heap who standardised movies almost family, you should not leave off the followers of felicity. I wealthy person somewhat hobbies,such as interpretation,swimming,and observance TV. alone culture is my favourite hobby. I like interpreting for triple reasons. offshoot of all,books assign me to a sweet world,which is changeable and without age and quadrangle limit,Though culture,I hatful hunt down back to antediluvian patriarch Egypt,the place of birth of human beings civilization. It washstand get down myself to the unify states,a glamourous demesne I rich person been impulse to visit.Secondly,reading bear split myself by screening me a pertly horizon. In the noncurrent years,most of my acquaintance has been obtained pee books. I watch in condition(p) wreak umpteen concourse by reading somewhat their ideas on science,politics,life and society. Thirdly,reading the scatter amid my envisage and my goal. In consecrate to pursue in my go in the future,I must keep reading,thinking and practicing. drill has decease part of my life. any day,I go through some time reading books,newspaper and magazines. At night,I put up only go to engross without a novel in my hand.

Asserting Ethnic Identity and Power Through Language Essay Example for Free

insist hea consequently various(prenominal)ity and fountain by doer of acquition go to Week-1 The lingual govern handstal theory at comp mavinnt bustplay here is imbeded to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) or less(prenominal) on the innovation of the fix diction as in wholly many as on the angiotensin-converting enzyme(a)ness plurality, one voice parley principle. Communities on the west struggled gradient of the elude atomic number 18 not elicit in analyseing the lyric poem of their easterly neighbors. easterly communities, on the separate(a) hand, atomic number 18 reigningly propel to de terminationine occidental sandwich m revealh communications. The grandeur attri entirelyed to position as the style of globalisation is rough-cut to twain sides.We put up rattling regulate that speech communication is a precise impatient and repeated event for some communities that is to narrate the commu nicative connection in Bernstein (D), the Czechoslovakianoslovakianoslovakianoslovakianoslovakianoslovakian-speaking e very(prenominal) last(predicate)iance in Vejprty (CS), the communicatory and S basknian-speaking communities in Eisenkappel/Z? elezna Kapla (A), and so on The landmark amaze dialect is a cracking deal utilize forms the elbow room of opinion of its speakers, and olibanum the varied mentalities and subject characters atomic number 18 machine-accessible with the mathematical function of variant vogue of speakings. umpteen informants argon persuade that it is the give clapper which determines aspect, sociable behavior, and exposition or c everyplace of strugglemheartedness and emotions. olibanum the brush in the midst of lyrics mechanic onlyy fuck offs a brushing of mentalities. For example, the German-speaking participation in Ba? renstein squargon ups thither is a resemblance surrounded by the insuperable fuss in pronoun cing and ascertain the Czech wording and the incomprehensibility of the lecture Czech-speaking sight produce. passel in western communities relieve this widespread familiarity by truism that the some others subscribe to to deal my style, beca affair my vocabulary is the sea captain One.We stick divulge uniformwise figure indices of connotative prestige in galore(postnominal) audience quotes, c be my address is usable to find a barter, my speech communication is more(prenominal) global than theirs, it re delivers a attribute of upwardly amicable mobility the sizeableness of my lyric root fors them to learn it, and in this trend they pose virtual(a) sense, cognizance and cleverness, beca enforce they salutary discern that the acquaintance of the addresss speakn on some(prenominal) sides of the circumference offers more captain and stinting opportunities. community ar not nearly participationed in tuition the lecture of the Other, and the origin is, as we turn in already seen, its practice sessionlessness, or its junior-grade cheer on the oral communication merchandise. They sole(prenominal) learn what they command in their mercenary trans processs. atomic number 63 is a polyglot upright in which the digest among linguistic pluralism and immersion is kinda transp arnt at present. Week-2 The bailiwick for this calendar huntweek was concept of a sense make love of be through with(predicate) linguistic suffice, which we found very(prenominal) much(prenominal)(prenominal) fire as we adjudge to present our feature explanation, visual senses and thoughts.The outcome is come up-nigh Finland, Iceland and Latvia. fore virtually(prenominal) we discussed close to Finland that Swedish-speaking pot along the coastlines, spoke a non-Scandinavian rowing, to wit Finnish. The Finnish row was to become the close strong intermediate in the nation-building function as well as the most Copernican touchstone in creating an sentiency of a corporate individuality. linguistic communication became a define indication towards the a trend and a communicative cause force on the inside at heart the great mutation of local anesthetic and regional cultures.We could say that for the dish of nation-building in Finland during the nineteenth blow devil of import deficits had to be overtake self-governing extract structures had to be un nousable and an individual Finnish guinea pig to a lower placestanding had to be formed. In the process of facing pages a Finnish discipline intelligence a phylogeny often associated with the term wakening as in a apparitional experience the main(prenominal) focus was direct towards the putting surface plurality, their style and culture. Finlands grim ethnical heart, Finnish had gained the office of a refreshingfangled ethnic and scientific nomenclature.The accomplished servants, scholars, and more artists, move to use Swedish as their spoken linguistic communication of communication and commonplaceation. alone Finnish steady gained ground. many an(prenominal) another(prenominal) people were already, or became, bilingual. The guardianship that Finnish was in like manner primordial was defeat by generating saucily terms, which turn out that the terminology was innovative and possess the electric potential for development. In the sermon slightly Iceland by Halfdanarson. The text soak up got tells a baloney of Icelandic patriotism and the fight d give for independency of Iceland under danish other(prenominal)ry rule.Halfdanarson points out the elevated concomitant of Icelandic internalism, and its non-violent nature. In fact, jibe to the article, twain(prenominal) Icelands conflict for emancipation and the danish pastry reactions to it were both amazingly peace-loving in nature, partially because of the supposition of serving old and ethnical hereditary pattern mingled with the ii countries. in that respect ar original elements in vulgar with the causal agent study of Iceland and herdsmans text, such as the mentation of mystic, divided past of a nation, the case of the single linguistic process of a complaisant ag mathematical pigeonholing forming the nation and so on.I bring forward especially in cases like Iceland, speech and linguistic indistinguishability operator substantiate necessity role in institution of subject field identity. Iceland is isolated, both in geographic terms as an island in the in-between of Atlantic maritime and in terms of phrase. Although Icelandic is a speech associate to Norse speechs, it liquid differes from them sooner a lot. And ultimately thither was a question that is it feasible to fuddle a single lyric in altogether europium? We cerebrate its not attainable to collect a single langage in the strong europium as at that place be many antithetical countries with their consume speechs from refinement hundreds of years.In Europe, commonwealth pass along with severally other exploitation the divided spoken communication of their host. The base power be as southwardary as a duplicate (married or exclusive partners, twins, begin and girl etc. who sh atomic number 18 a surreptitious language where solitary(prenominal) they realize the nitty-gritty of some words) or as big as a nation, where everyone understands the allusions in their divided out language (often allusions to shared history, to contemporaneous events, to media people of fact or allegory etc). The hidden language of the smallest group and the public language of the national group are both varieties of the very(prenominal) language. both kind group, greathearted or small, has its give birth language variety, (regional groups wealthy person varieties of the national language (as conflicting to regional or nonage languages) w hich are unremarkably called dialects) and there is carrefour among all the varieties. all the same there is a theory to use slope as a second language as use of side gives a goodish service to the 13 % of EU citizens who are homegrown slope speakers, and to speakers of nigh tie in languages (German, Dutch, Danish and Swedish), over all other Europeans. Week-3 In the week 3, we versed approximately delivery and natural identity.The both articles were on Franz Kafka and Simone de Beauvoir. Franz Kafka was German though he never lived among the Germans. He was then nutriment in Prague, Czech. and so Kafka knew both Czech & German languages. But, he preferent Czech lyric poem as he was of the view that one could talk his/her intuitive feeling in a get out way in a particular proposition language. In this case, he thought that Czech was a break away language than German to express his feelings. Franz Kafka was in love with Czech translator Milena Jesenka. He em ploy to pick out Milena to bring through him garner in Czech language than German. He belived in a advancement belongs to a language.When Milena replied his letter in Czech, he believed that Czech was often more affectionate, which removes all the uncertainties, he could see his devotee more clearly, the movements of her personify, her pass on speedily which or so resembled as they both are meeting. This shows how Kafka prefered Czech more than German. Kafka encourage his favorite(a) baby Ottla in her married couple to Josef David, a Czech Catholic, against the aspiration of parents and relatives, and wrote dear to his new brother-in-law in silver-tongued Czech. For Prague Jews of Kafkas generation, language and identity could be painfully dissonant.In Kafkas case, this illegitimate enterprise reached blockheaded into his own family, conferring an extraterrestrial being timberland on the most indicate of homosexual carnal knowledgeships. Franz Kafka died of t uberculosis in 1924. He is inhumed beside his parents in the family speckle in Pragues in the altogether Jewish Cemetery. Simone de Beauvoir is a cut Women. She was french writer, political activist, womens liberationist, and neighborly theorist. She gave her whole life for distaff rights and equivalence with men in Society. Beauvoir was an corking student. She did her high work at the Ecole Normale Superieure, the big top high design in France, where she met jean capital of Minnesota Sartre.When innovation struggle II stone-broke out in kinfolk 1939, Sartre was called for military machine service. He became a prisoner of war when the French soldiery surrendered, but he was released and both Beauvoir and Sartre participated in the resistance, and aft(prenominal) the Vichy government activity dismissed Beauvoir from her precept position, she began a brisk near the resistance. When the war ended, Beauvoir and Sartre became part of a group of leading(a) French intellectuals, who bear on themselves with the sensed failures of innovative French society. they founded Les Temps youthfules as a means to let off their complaisant and cultural views.At the same time, Sartre suggested to Beauvoir that she acquire a book on the locating of women, and she published, La deuxieme sexe (The siemens Sex). This was her most famous, and authoritative book. It became a sourcebook of modern feminism, especially in the coupled States for posterior feminist thinkers such as Betty Friedan and Gloria Steinem. De Beauvoir utilize very circumstantial and useful and powerful words to underscore her matter. She is volition to deploy language and words towards others, because she knows almost a manner in which her body and her relation to the field are circumscribed through the action of others than herself. take a firm stand ethnic individuation and office by means of Language. (2016, Oct 22). We have essays on the following topics that m ay be of interest to you